Country brand and its contribution to sustainable development: Instilling social values and entrepreneurship

The world is becoming increasingly complex and concerned about the resources that compose it, the current COVID-19 pandemic shows that not only companies but also countries are involved in a competition at all levels to become a reference impacting on the 3 dimensions (economic, social and environmental). The purpose of this research was to analyze the main motivations of B-certified companies in Latin America. The methodology was qualitative under the grounded theory method, the unit of analysis was 183 companies under exclusion criteria such as: Belonging to the industries of education, tourism and hospitality, and support for entrepreneurship, belonging to only Latin American countries and having the B certification. The main findings were that responsible B companies develop a more inclusive, sustainable and environmentally friendly economy for the benefit of society, that they go beyond the notion of Corporate Social Responsibility. The conclusions show that these companies move away from traditional companies, as they combine social development and economic growth, positioning the countries that have these types of companies as benchmarks. © 2023,Revista de Ciencias Sociales. All Rights Reserved.

Changes in cancer mortality by race and ethnicity following the Affordable Care Act implementation in California

Background: Implementation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) has resulted in improvements in cancer outcomes but the extent to which these apply to specific racial and ethnic populations is unknown. We examined changes in health insurance distributions pre- and post-ACA and assessed cancer-specific mortality rates by race and ethnicity. Methods: The population included 167,181 newly diagnosed breast (n = 117,738), colorectal (n = 38,334), and cervix cancer (n = 11,109) patients younger than 65 years and 141,026 patients 65 years or older in the California Cancer Registry. Hazard rate ratios (HRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using multivariable Cox regression to estimate associations with risk of 5-year cancer-specific death for each cancer site pre- (2007-2010) and post-ACA (2014-2017), and by race and ethnicity (American Indian/Alaska Natives, AIAN;Asian Americans;Hispanics;Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islanders, NHPI;non-Hispanic Blacks, NHB;and non- Hispanic whites, NHW). Difference-in-difference analysis was conducted to compare changes over time between younger (< 65 years) and older (65 years and older) patients. Results: Cancer-specific mortality for patients age < 65 was significantly lower post- vs. pre-ACA for colorectal cancer among Hispanic (HRR = 0.83;95% CI: 0.74-0.93), NHB (HRR = 0.69;95% CI: 0.58-0.81), and NHW (HRR = 0.90 95% CI: 0.84-0.97) but not Asian American (HRR = 0.95;95% CI: 0.82-1.10) patients. The HRR for younger NHB colorectal cancer patients was significantly lower than that for patients 65 years of and older (HRR = 1.09;95% CI, 0.95-1.25, p-interaction < 0.0001). A significantly lower risk of dying from cervix cancer was observed in the post- vs. pre-ACA period among younger NHB women (HRR = 0.68;95% CI: 0.47-0.99), but this was not significantly different than that for older women (HRR = 0.41;95% CI, 0.16-1.01, p-interaction = 0.30). No significant differences in breast cancer-specific mortality were observed for any racial or ethnic group. Conclusions: Findings show decreases in cancer-specific mortality for colorectal and cervix cancers for some racial and ethnic groups following ACA implementation in California. These results shed light on ongoing discussions as additional states consider Medicaid expansion. Future studies should assess shifts between health insurance plans resulting from the economic impact of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic.

Business Development in Latin American SMEs: A look at entrepreneurship before COVI-19

This study aims to analyse the effects of the use of educational platforms and student academic stress generated during periods of social confinement by COVID-19. The convergent research design was used in two sections. In the first section, 160 validated and reliable surveys were administered to students to ascertain and contrast the quali-quantitative results. The second section consisted of 10 interviews with students at a Peruvian university, in which the stressful situation experienced by the students was revealed through interpretative hermeneutic analysis. The results show that there is no relationship between the use of educational platforms and academic stress among university students. The symptomatology presented at this stage is casual and temporary. © 2021 AISTI.

INTRINSIC ALIGNMENT WITH STRATEGY AS A SOURCE OF BUSINESS SUSTAINABILITY IN SMES

This article presents an analysis of the degree of intrinsic alignment with the strategy as a source of business sustainability in the SMEs dedicated to the manufacturing sector in the region of Tacna, Peru. It was framed in a non-experimental research design of fieldtransaction, a survey was applied (questionnaire with 32 items with a Likert scale validated in the opinion of 3 experts with an Alpha Cronbach coefficient of 0.95(Excellent) to a random sample of 247 directors and managers. The data were analyzed through the descriptive statistics (SPSS25) to know the behaviour of the variables under study. In order to test hypotheses, the chi-square statistic was applied (categorical variables, ordinals and unit of analysis greater than 30 subjects). The main findings show that the degree of intra-strategy alignment is 4.46 (excellent alignment of the Intrinsic with the strategy) and business sustainability resulted in 4.23 (high business sustainability). In conclusion, there is a relationship between the intrategy alignment and business sustainability in the SMEs of the manufacturing sector of the Tacna-Peru Region with a strength of 0.691 (strong relationship).

Professional culture and ICT in teacher education in times of crisis: the perception of teachers

In this paper, we analyzed some reasons that would explain the difficulties that teachers and primary schools had in adapting to the changes produced by the COVID 19 pandemic. For this, we start from the results of two investigations by the Stellae group (USC). From the first, we will use the data from the interviews with professors from the Faculties of the USC that confer the degree of Teaching, collecting their perceptions about the construction of knowledge and professional culture. From the second, we will use the results of interviews with a group of ICT teachers, together with interviews and observations made with teachers from two centers selected for their good practices, analyzing their perceptions about the school use of ICT and Materials Digital didactics. We will end with a brief analysis of how teacher training processes must change, in order to deal with the uncertainties and new challenges that the school faces in times of crisis.

Digital didactic materials and coronavirus during confinement in the Spanish context

In this paper, a description and analysis of the main proposals of didactic materials that have been elaborated on COVID-19 (coronavirus) directed to a child and youth public available on the network in the Spanish context was made. In the first part of the paper we reflect on the reasons and needs that have justified the appearance and development of these resources. Subsequently, we present the search process carried out mainly through the Google search engine and the final selection of the materials considered. Next, a descriptive analysis of the materials was carried out using an elaborated ad hoc matrix that integrates 5 dimensions. As a general conclusion, we highlight the diversity of resources produced and the need for the coronavirus to be part of future proposals for materials, textbooks and educational work at school. © 2020 Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Editora. All rights reserved.